Apical Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Analysis

Apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (AHCM) hypertrophic cardiomyopathy are a special type, less common clinical, ECG changes and coronary heart disease have similarities, the majority of patients with no symptoms or the lack of specific symptoms and signs, easily lead to misdiagnosis and misdiagnosis.

AHCM confined to apical hypertrophy, the former apical wall is particularly evident, the most thick in addition to up to 14-32mm. Most occurred in the male, often a family history, is now considered are autosomal dominant genetic disease, sarcomere contractile protein gene mutations are the main pathogenic factors.

The early symptoms of mild disease, in late may have heart palpitations, chest tightness, chest pain, exertional dyspnea and hair force performance.

This disease diagnosed mainly based on ECG, echocardiography and left ventricular angiography. Echocardiography is currently the most widely and was considered the most AHCM has diagnostic value of screening methods, the specificity at 90%. Its diagnostic criteria: 1. Hypertrophy confined to the left ventricular myocardium papillary muscles below apex, free wall thickness> 16mm. 2. Septal and left ventricular cavity expanding.

Misdiagnosed because: 1. Echocardiography inherent shortcoming: because of restrictions by the window, as well as in patients with obesity or adjacent lung tissue, such as the impact of echocardiography can not happen when enough of the echo may be missed. 2. Not timely echocardiography and left ventricular angiography.

AHCM because no dynamic left ventricular outflow and cardiac infarction interior pressure gradient exists, the impact on cardiac hemodynamics less favorable prognosis, the annual fatality rate of only 0.1 percent, 15-year survival rate of 95%.

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